24 parasitology images based on DAMS NOTES

























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Anatomy of Inner Ear

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  Anatomy  :  2 parts :             i ) Membranous                                                 ii) Bony      Membranous labyrinth is the actual inner ear . Bony labyrinth is the bony cover of membranous labyrinth .     Fluids of inner ear : Inner ear filled with endolymph and surrounded by perilymph .  Stria vascularis of Cochlea secretes Endolymph which is present in endolymphatic space .Perilymph = CSF   NOTE :Perilymph is connected to CSF through aqueduct of cochlea . That is why in a case of   meningitis deafness can occur . So BERA   should be done before discharge . Endolymph has high Potassium low sodium .   Perilymph has high Sodium and low potassium. (Tips : How to re...
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TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

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TYMPANIC MEMBRANE    # It is a pearly grey in colour # Oval 9-10 mm in diameter # surface area 90 sq mm # Outer part is more mobile than central part . # The effective surface area is 55 sq mm . # It is lying at an angle of 55 degree with horizontal  # Posterosuperior part is more lateral than anterolateral part . # Shows mobility on Seigelisation ( Putting air pressure on ear drum )  # Landmarks : 1 ) Handle of Malleus 2 ) Lateral process of malleus 3) Cone of light produced by refecltion of light from handle of malleus . Seen in  right ear at 5 o' clock position and Left ear at 7 o' clock position . 5 ) Umbo                                                 IT has 2 part 1) Pars Tensa : which again has 3 layers a) SKIN                             ...
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ENT NOTES : PINNA ANATOMY

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     PINNA        P)inna is made of yellow elastic cartilage which is again covered by skin .Skin is closely attached to cartilage on lateral surface but loose on medial ( back ) surface .  Nerve supply of pinna :    Lobule of pinna : Greater auricular nerve . Medial surface :  Lesser occipital nerve . Lateral surface : Auriculotemporal nerve . Concha of pinna : Auricular branch of vagus and few fibres of facial nerve .        Cauliflower are or boxer's ear : Post traumatic deformity = Subperichondrial hemorrhage  External Auditory Canal ::  24 mm in length . Outer 8mm cartilagenous , inner 16 mm bony . EAC is lined by skin . Outer part has hair follicles and ceruminous gland .  EAC skin migrated outwards and hence brings the dead skin and tissues out . If this migration is absent , it leads to accumulation of dead tissues and wax in EAC as a large expansile mass   ...
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